@article{Knorr2020,
  author    = {Andreas Knorr},
  title     = {National Immigration Policies and Subnational Resistance: 'Sanctuary Cities' in the USA vs. 'Non-sanctuary Cities' in Germany},
  series   = {Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research},
  volume    = {9},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {GMP Press and Printing},
  issn      = {2414-6722},
  url       = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0246-opus4-45358},
  pages     = {82 -- 96},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {National immigration policies increasingly meet with fierce political resistance from lower levels of government, in particular municipalities. Amongst industrialized countries, the USA and Germany are probably the most extreme examples. In the USA, a growing numbers of subnational entities, including some of the country’s largest cities, openly refuse to cooperate with federal immigration authorities. In retaliation, the Trump administrations has threatened several of these so-called ‘sanctuary cities’ to claim back past and to withdraw further federal funding from a number of jointly funded programs. Several court cases in this matter are pending. In stark contrast, an increasing number of German municipalities – labelled by the author as ‘non-sanctuary cities’ - have sought from their respective state governments a formal limitation of migration inflows into their territory, citing an overload on critical local administrative and not least housing resources. This paper contributes to the pertinent literature on multi-level governance in the area of immigration, first, by applying the economic theory of fiscal federalism to identify the theoretically appropriate level of government for defining and enforcing immigration policy. Second, the phenomenon of ‘sanctuary cities’ vs. ‘non-sanctuary cities’ and their potential impact on the design and enforcement of national immigration policies will be analyzed.},
  language  = {en}
}