Scenario 26: Export licensing of intrusion tools
- Two different States licensed exports of intrusion tools and related items to a third State. That State then used it to spy on human rights defenders, lawyers, journalists, activists, opposition politicians, and dissidents. While one of the licensing States is a member of the Wassenaar Arrangement, the other is not but had declared to follow it unilaterally. The legal analysis considers the attribution of the relevant acts and omissions by the States and examines possible breaches of international export control law and international human rights law.
Author: | Roland Klein |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:0246-opus4-58400 |
URL: | https://cyberlaw.ccdcoe.org/wiki/Scenario_26:_Export_licensing_of_intrusion_tools |
Parent Title (English): | International Cyber Law: Interactive Toolkit |
Editor: | Kubo Mačák, Tomáš Minárik, Taťána Jančárková |
Document Type: | Contribution to online periodical |
Language: | English |
Year of Completion: | 2022 |
Publishing Institution: | Deutsches Forschungsinstitut für öffentliche Verwaltung |
Release Date: | 2022/10/31 |
Tag: | export control; human rights; international law; intrusion tools; unilateral declaration |
GND Keyword: | Exportkontrolle; Rechtswissenschaften; Rüstungsbegrenzung; Technologie; Völkerrecht |
Popular scientific document: | Nein |
Reviewed Document?: | Ja |
Online-Document?: | Ja |
Documents ordered by discipline (DDC classification): | 300 Sozialwissenschaften / 340 Recht |
Documents of the German Research Institute for Public Administration (FÖV): | Sonstige Schriften |
Access Rights: | Frei zugänglich |
Licence (German): | Urheberrechtlich geschützt |
Licence (German): | Creative Commons - CC BY-SA - Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International |