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This article offers an in-depth analysis of the relationship between European law and the
case-law born of the European Convention. The author addresses the tension between
the drive for legal certainty and the need to expand fundamental rights. By offering an
overview of the legal reality that this tension has created, the author seeks to find the balance
between needless plurality and rigid certainty. Through this overview, the author argues
that the promotion of fundamental rights must be organised along lines of harmony and
not of uniformity. To do this, he offers a detailed analysis of the respective approaches
to the detention of asylum seekers and to the privilege against self-incrimination. The
article thus traces the increasingly inter-referential nature of Strasbourg and Luxembourg
jurisprudence, arguing that this trend has the potential to promote fundamental rights, as
long as the jurisdiction of human rights’ legislation is significantly expanded. The author
goes on to discuss the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, looking at the ways in which
it grew out of jurisprudence from both legal systems and how this cross-pollination may
change the expansion of fundamental rights in a wider sense.
In einem ersten
Schritt wird die Bedeutung der europäischen Grundrechte
fur den Verwaltungsrechtsraum Europa anhand einiger
konkreter Beispiele untersucht. Im Licht dieser
Erkenntnisse wird in einem zweiten Schritt die
Frage erörtert, inwiefern heute uberhaupt von einem
„Grundrechtsraum Europa" gesprochen werden
kann, was also ein solcher Grundrechtsraum voraussetzt
und was davon bereits erfüllt ist.
Protocol No. 16 and EU Law
(2015)
Protocol No. 16 will allow the highest courts of the Contracting States to the European Convention on Human Rights Convention to request an advisory opinion from the European Court of Human Rights on "questions of principle relating to the interpretation or application of the rights and freedoms defined in the
Convention or the protocols thereto". However, in its Opinion 2/13, the Court of Justice of the European Union expressed reservations in respect of that Protocol. The article analyses those reservations and looks for ways to dispell them.
On ne peut plus aujourd’hui s’arrêter au contenu des droits fondamentaux sans se demander comment ils sont
appliqués. Quand il s’agit pour le droit de l’Union d’appliquer les droits fondamentaux, il semble traversé par des tensions
conceptuelles et méthodologiques fortes, à la recherche d’un point d’équilibre. Les développements les plus récents consécutifs à l’avis 2/13 montrent qu’une certaine convergence entre le droit de
l'Union et la Convention est possible.
Par trois arrêts récents, la grande chambre de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme précise les exigences et limites de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme dans le domaine migratoire.
L’interaction et la complémentarité entre la Convention et le droit de l’Union dans ce domaine sont à la fois matérielles et procédurales.
Une approche globale est requise, car les juges nationaux des États membres sont tenus d’appliquer le droit de l’Union dans le respect de la Convention.