Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (21)
- Public lecture (19)
- Part of a Book (12)
- Working Paper (8)
- Conference Proceeding (4)
- Book (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (65)
Keywords
- Public Administration (4)
- Public Private Partnerships (3)
- Crisis Governance (2)
- Energiepolitik (2)
- Energiewende (2)
- European Integration (2)
- Europäische Union (2)
- Experiment (2)
- Internationalization (2)
- Krisenmanagement (2)
Institute
- Lehrstuhl für Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere Wirtschafts- und Verkehrspolitik (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Andreas Knorr) (29)
- Lehrstuhl für vergleichende Verwaltungswissenschaft und Policy-Analyse (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Michael Bauer) (8)
- Lehrstuhl für Öffentliche Betriebswirtschaftslehre (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Holger Mühlenkamp) (1)
- Lehrstuhl für öffentliches Recht, insbesondere allgemeines und besonderes Verwaltungsrecht (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jan Ziekow) (1)
The link between economic development, entrepreneurial activity, and institutional frame-work conditions has been focused by scholars from different disciplines, inter alia economics and business management, and is of utmost relevance also for practitioners. This applies in particular to the question of those macro factors that exert an influence on the sustainable success of entrepreneurial activity.
PESTEL analysis as a strategic tool that focuses on the assessment of the business environ-ment in terms of specific market conditions, (likely) developments and their positive or negative effects on an enterprise is a popular instrument in this context. However, the existing literature often offers only a compilation and partial discussion of categories and dimensions, but does not include a discussion of the effects of specific framework conditions in detail, nor provides concrete indicators to make the concept operable. The article deals with this question, providing an operationalization of numerous sub-categories of PESTEL, as well as discussing possible extensions to the PESTEL toolbox that become necessary against the backdrop of globalization and digitization.
PURPOSE: The management of cross-border natural resources has been the focus of re-search in different disciplines. Nonetheless, beyond theoretical insights, empirical evidence of successful cross-border management or governance of natural resources is still limited, even in the European Union (EU), where a range of instruments are provided to foster cross-border cooperation between its Member States. This is where our paper departs, providing evidence from an example of cross-border cooperation between two Member States of the EU, Austria, and Slovenia, adding to the analytical framework to identify the drivers of successful cross-border cooperation.
METHODOLOGY: Drawing from the example of the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) Geopark Karawanken we evaluate the success factors and limits for transboundary cooperation encompassing different forms of cooperation. Furthermore, based on empirical evidence of workshops with local, regional, and national stakeholders, we investigate the potential of the EGTC organizational framework to provide for the successful cross-border management of water resources within the Geopark area.
The Covid-19 pandemic is a multi-faceted crisis that challenges not only the health systems and other policy sub-systems in the single Member States, but also the European Union’s ability to provide policy responses that address the transnational nature of pandemic control as a union-wide ‘public good’ that affects health and social policies, border control and security as well as topics related to the single market. Thus, the pandemic constitutes a veritable capacity test for the EU integration project.
This article attempts to take stock of the Union’s early reaction to the first wave of the Covid-19 outbreak. After an introduction and a short note on the scope and methodology of the analysis a theoretical framework is developed. Scrutinising the pertinent literature on crisis management, we reflect the traditional hypothesis that in times of crisis the centre becomes more relevant against the background of the EU crisis management system, and discuss the role of informality in particular during the time of crisis. Against this backdrop, empirical evidence from interviews with EU officials and documents in selected policy fields (health and emergency management, digitalisation, and economic recovery) are analysed, before a discussion and conclusion complete the study.
Zwei Jahre nach dem intensiven Hochwasserereignis im Juli 2021 liegen erste Erkenntnisse
im Rahmen der wissenschaftlichen Aufarbeitung vor. Das BMBF-HoWas2021-Projekt richtet hierbei seinen Fokus auf die Warnkommunikation und das Krisenmanagement. Die Analyse beinhaltet die Verknüpfung vonmeteorologischen und hydrologischen Daten mit Aktivitäten aufbehördlicher Ebene und dem Katastrophenschutz. Im Ergebnis können technische und strukturelle Optimierungspotenziale identifiziert werden und deuten somit auf den Nachhol-bedarf bei der Antizipation zukünftiger Hochwasser und dem Entwickeln neuer Ansätze für effektive Warnsysteme hin.
The purpose of this chapter is to delineate and analyse current adjustments of Public Private Partnerships (PPP) in Germany in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on current data and official material, road infrastructure PPP was analysed, as demand for transporta-tion services is highly sensitive to fluctuations of overall economic activity. Accordingly, they do not only offer a good illustration of the challenges encountered by PPP operators in gene-ral but also – as road infrastructure PPP in Germany exist in different designs – important lessons may be learned with respect to their respective resilience in extraordinarily adverse economic conditions. One finding from the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany is that the case for public–private partnerships (PPP) become more compelling, also as an integral element of a large-scale reform package to massively improve the resilience of public service delivery to citizens and companies alike. Another important insight from the pandemic and the politico-administrative countermeasures is that massive pressure – both financial and in terms of the workload on the human resources employed – has been placed upon existing PPP, especially in critical infrastructures. The principal reasons are unforeseen or unexpected changes in user behaviour, affecting demand, and more difficult access to funding. These new insights demonstrate the relevance of anticipation of such events in the PPP contract, and the role of preparation for practitioners on both the private as well as the public side. Moreover, the findings provide leeway for further research on how the public administration, in particular in a federal multilevel system, can strengthen knowledge management and information exchange between single entities and stakeholders, and the role of PPP units as potential gatekeeper within this system.
Each crisis is dreadful in its own special way, and so is the COVID-19 pandemic. Beyond its lethal nature and truly global spread, one of its characteristics lies within the detachment of cause and effect. The cause, i.e. SARS-CoV-2, can clearly be attributed to health issues, though the COVID-19 pandemic challenges entire public administration (PA) systems well beyond the health sector. Both the lockdown as executed and the first careful exit-steps in their entire complexity increase scope and scale of PA’s tasks and responsibilities, challenging not only health authorities, but all parts of the administrative system, from security administration to public service delivery, with the entire world remaining in very turbulent water. Thus, the question arises how the PA should react to ensure high performance in times of crisis. Our findings underpin the relevance of trust in public administration (or “the government” in general), notably in times of crisis: the higher trust levels are, the more likely compliance of citizens and successful networking with non-state actors is. Even in the absence of many trust generating factors, trust levels are increasing in the current COVID-19 pandemic.
In diesem Artikel gehen wir neue Pfade und beforschen 1) Vertrauen und Misstrauen in Re-gulierung 2) über nationale und europäische Regierungsebenen hinweg 3) in einem Eliten-Kontext und berücksichtigen somit die entscheidenden Akteure im Regulierungsregime als Vertrauensgeber und -nehmer. Wir analysieren Daten einer Umfrage unter Entscheidungs-trägern in den Sektoren Lebensmittel, Finanzen sowie Datenschutz und finden relativ hohes und über Zeit steigendes Vertrauen in Regulierungsregime und - akteure. Dabei sehen wir, dass, v.a.in Deutschland, Regulierung als zu locker in der Anwendung wahrgenommen wird. Ebenso können wir rückschließen, dass inklusivere Regulierung ein wichtiger Faktor zur Vertrauenssteigerung sein kann. Weiterhin stellen wir fest, dass Misstrauen ein weitgehend von Vertrauen unabhängiges Konzept darstellt. Wir finden, dass hohes Vertrauen durchaus mit hohem Misstrauen vergesellschaftet sein kann – teils gar der Regulierungsperformanz zuträglich.
The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020 and its consequences constitute a veritable capacity test for the European Union, challenging not only the single Member States, but also the European Union’s ability to provide policy responses that address pandemic control as a union-wide “public good” in different dimensions related to inter alia public health, but also the freedom of movement or the single market.
Against this backdrop, this article attempts to take stock of the Union’s early reactions to the first wave of the Covid-19 outbreak. After a brief introduction, we reflect on crisis manage-ment theories, power distribution in the EU, and the EU’s institutionalised crisis reaction capacity. Subsequently, crisis reaction in selected policy areas in the European Union is analysed, before we finish with a concluding section. We find some evidence for the pace-making function of the Franco-German tandem in the form of informal, decentralised action, as well as for a relative weak performance of institutionalised crisis management mecha-nisms on the EU level, but instead a centralisation towards the centre in the form of the European Commission.
Das Projekt HoWas20211 untersucht die Bewältigung der Starkregen- und Hochwasserereig-nisse im Juli 2021 in Nordrhein-Westfalen und Rheinland-Pfalz. Durch die Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Fachdisziplinen (Hydrologie/Meteorologie, Kommunikationswissenschaft, Ver-waltungswissenschaft, geographische Risikoforschung und sozialwissenschaftliche Katastro-phenforschung) gelang es in dem Projekt, eine differenzierte Beschreibung der Ereignisse insbesondere bezogen auf Schwachstellen in der Governance und Kommunikation vorzu-nehmen.
National innovativeness is one key driver of economic development. The relation of national innovativeness and national culture has been firmly established by research. Cultural factors, however, influence national innovativeness via different mechanisms on the macro-, meso-, and micro-level of a country. In our paper, we build on existing research on the link between cultural dimensions and national innovativeness to develop a new model that classifies different cultural dimensions in groups according to their mechanism: political, social, or individual (PSI-model). Using a newly-established data set composed of world data, we test and find support for this model using a variety of regression models. The PSI-model provides a more structured theoretical background of the impact of different cultural dimensions on national innovativeness, especially with regard to social practices and social values. It can be used to generate policy recommendations on national innovativeness and offers further applications in fields related to the various impacts of national culture.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen wirtschaftlicher Entwicklung oder Wirtschaftswachstum einerseits und der Existenz von bestimmten Institutionen – insbesondere „gute Regierungs-führung“ im Sinne demokratischer Strukturen oder Prozesse, aber auch entsprechend eines erweiterten Governancebegriffs – andererseits wird in der einschlägigen Literatur seit langem diskutiert. Theoretisch wie auch empirisch lassen sich hier sowohl Zusammenhänge als auch kausale Abhängigkeiten begründen; die Annahme hinter allen Modellen ist die Hauptannahme der Institutionenökonomik seit ihren Anfängen: Institutions matter! Gleichwohl sind Art und Umfang des Einflusses von Regierungs- und Governancequalität auf Wachstum und Entwicklung nicht unumstritten und teilweise empirisch schwächer als theoretisch ableitbar. Dies gilt umso mehr mit Blick auf weniger trennscharf zu erfassende informelle Institutionen oder in Fällen, wo einzelne institutionelle Dimensionen nicht kohärent sind. Darüber hinaus ist die einschlägige Literatur auch gekennzeichnet von der Diskussion über Daten, Indikatoren und methodische Schwierigkeiten.
Der vorliegende Beitrag trägt zu dieser Debatte um die Rolle von Institutionen in zweierlei Hinsicht bei: Zum einen erfolgt eine kritische Reflexion des Institutionenbegriffs sowie eine Analyse bestehender empirischer Arbeiten zum Thema, in welcher schwerpunktmäßig die Frage nach der Tauglichkeit der verwandten Indikatoren sowie inhaltliche wie methodische Inkonsistenzen der (empirischen) Literatur diskutiert werden. Anschließend erfolgt mit der Diskussion kultureller Faktoren als Komplement oder Substitut „traditionell“ definierter Institutionen eine bescheidene Erweiterung der Literatur. Das Hauptargument ist an dieser Stelle, dass weniger die formellen und beobachtbaren Institutionen relevant sein könnten, sondern deren kulturelle Basis, die in verschiedenen Dimensionen als „funktionales Äquivalent“ wirkt.
The links between innovativeness as a driver of economic performance, and the determi-nants of innovativeness have been investigated by management scholars and economists
for decades, focusing mostly on “hard factors” as investment in research and development, or education. Focusing on a relatively neglected, but in times of globalization even more important aspect, the influence of cultural characteristics on innovativeness, we apply different econometric models to test for links between cultural tightness and looseness on the one hand, and national innovativeness on the other hand. We find that cultural tightness — in the sense of homogenous and intolerant societies — has a negative link to national innovativeness, while cultural looseness — in the sense of tolerant and diverse societies — displays a positive link to national innovativeness.
The analysis of forms and effects of what is usually conceived of as globalization or internationalization has become a major topic of political speeches and academic research, especially in the social sciences. While the consequences of globalization for Western economies and societies are often at the forefront of debates, their effects on public administrations are focused on relatively sparsely yet.
This entry aims at identifying the different manifestations and effects of internationalization in the context of bureaucracies. The subsequent sections provide an introduction and delineate the main mechanisms of internationalization. The next section identifies the topics discussed in the context of globalization, internationalization and transnationalization, and distils the main characteristics of international public administrations, as well as the effects and ramifications of internationalization on domestic public administration.
The methodology of experiments has been slow to garner a following in public administration (PA), a scientific discipline that exhibits a high degree of methodological conservatism over time (Perry 2012). Our re-view takes stock of the experimental research agenda so far. Examining all articles that appeared between 1990 and 2013 in the fifteen most cited journals in the field of ‘Public Administration’, we analyze the range of experimental PA research with regards to their coverage of ex-perimental methods and research designs applied, but also with a view to their contribution to the development of an experimental research agenda. Based on the finding that PA not only experiences a general dearth of experimental research, but also a limited scope with regard to the variety of experimental designs and research questions tackled, we assess the potential benefits from that methodological advancement and outline approaches for prospective research.
Fluchtmigration ist eine der aktuellen Herausforderungen für die Staaten der Europäischen Union (EU). Angesichts der bestehenden Disparitäten in Bezug auf Aufnahme und Unterstützung der Migrantinnen und Migranten stellt sich jedoch zunehmend die Frage nach einem Umverteilungsmechanismus innerhalb der EU. Der vorliegende Beitrag entwirft einen Mechanismus, welcher die Aufnahme von Angehörigen aus Drittstaaten an Auszahlungen aus den Europäischen Fonds knüpft und somit sowohl zu einer gerechteren Verteilung von Finanzmitteln wie auch einer passgenaueren Verteilung von Migranten führen kann, indem die Bedürfnisse beider Seiten Berücksichtigung finden.
While traditionally the provision of public services was monopolized by the gov-ernment, lately service delivery has been challenged, resulting in more coopera-tions between private enterprises and the public sector. We discuss theoretically and based on empirical evidence the role of trust in these arrangements and under which conditions information can help to overcome a “trust gap”, contributing to the success of these cooperation. Additionally, we develop and test an experimental design that allows us to show which factors influence the public opinion in favor of these service arrangements and public-private cooperations. Therewith our paper does not only contribute to the investigation of information and trust in PA, but provides some implication for policy makers and the public administration.
It is an open question what impact public governance reforms have had in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region, which is challenged by domestic transformative societal developments as well as by transformational pressures from abroad. To assess their differential impact, the article first revisits the legacies that characterize the public administrative systems of the MENA region. Then, using data from the newly-developed Arab Administrative Elites Survey, it taps into the images and aspirations of public governance insiders as regards crucial public sector values. According to this data, the reforms aim to increase efficiency and to bring public administrations closer to the people. Arguably, reforms in MENA public governance converge, though from a relatively low level, with the direction of global standards of public management.
The Covid-19 pandemic affects societies worldwide, challenging not only health sectors but also public administration systems in general. Understanding why public administrations perform well in the current situation—and in times of crisis more generally—is theoretically of great importance; and identifying concrete factors driving successful administrative performance under today‘s extraordinary circumstances could still improve current crisis responses.
This article studies patterns of sound administrative performance with a focus on networks and knowledge management within and between crises. Subsequently, it draws on empirical evidence from two recent public administration surveys conducted in Germany in order to test derived hypotheses. The results of tests for group differences and regression analyses demonstrate that administrations that were structurally prepared, learned during preceding crises, and that displayed a high quality in their network cooperation with other administrations and with the civil society, on average, performed significantly better in the respective crises.
The Covid-19 pandemic constitutes a veritable capacity test for local administrations in Germany and Austria. Based on a survey among systematically sampled Austrian (n=130) and German (n=517) employees of local public administrations, the article taps into the perceptions of how the bureaucracies in the two federal states coped with the challenges emerging at the early stage of the crisis. As it turns out, in the administratively well-equipped and—in comparison to disastrous situations elsewhere—mildly hit countries, local administrations did fine—even growing beyond themselves. Key to a higher probability of coping well with Covid-19 appears to be an intelligent administrative networking strategy. Five tentative lessons are drawn on what—at this early stage—can only constitute an incomplete picture taken from a fluid context.