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Institute
- Lehrstuhl für Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere Wirtschafts- und Verkehrspolitik (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Andreas Knorr) (165)
- Lehrstuhl für vergleichende Verwaltungswissenschaft und Policy-Analyse (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Michael Bauer) (68)
- Lehrstuhl für Öffentliches Recht, insbesondere Europarecht und Völkerrecht (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Weiß) (68)
- Lehrstuhl für Öffentliches Recht, insbesondere deutsches und europäisches Verwaltungsrecht (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Ulrich Stelkens) (51)
- Lehrstuhl für Politikwissenschaft (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Stephan Grohs) (47)
- Lehrstuhl für Öffentliches Recht, Staatslehre und Rechtsvergleichung (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Karl-Peter Sommermann) (44)
- Lehrstuhl für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsmanagement (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Michael Hölscher) (35)
- Seniorprofessur für Verwaltungswissenschaft, Politik und Recht im Bereich von Umwelt und Energie (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Eberhard Bohne) (23)
- Lehrstuhl für öffentliches Recht, insbesondere allgemeines und besonderes Verwaltungsrecht (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jan Ziekow) (11)
- Lehrstuhl für Verwaltungswissenschaft, Staatsrecht, Verwaltungsrecht und Europarecht (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Mario Martini) (10)
From a comparative perspective the Covid-19 pandemic provides a unique grand-scale life experience: nearly all countries have been confronted with a similar issue, that of quickly fighting the pandemic, balancing individual health with the sustainability of the national health system, and juggling economic imperatives with the duty to care for the most vulnerable individuals in society. Access and use of data are key to this difficult balancing exercise. One question arises: is the Covid-19 pandemic conducive to developing shared legal strategies or does it reinforce cultural legal features when it comes to data protection?
Blogdroiteuropeen asked experts in data protection to reflect on key developments in their national systems. No definitive answer is possible as Covid-19 is not over yet. However, this preliminary information leads to the identification of six trends underlying the Covid-19 crisis and its impact on data protection. First, all countries were not equal before the pandemic due to differences in their factual and legal backgrounds. Secondly, constitutional techniques proved resilient to a large extent in general and in particular when it comes to data protection. Thirdly, the effectiveness of data protection legislation is connected to its embeddedness in the wider legal context. Fourthly, tracking the spread of Covid-19 through tracing apps may turn out to be a unicorn defeated by data protection even though different technologies have been attempted. Fifthly, aggregation of data or collective harvesting of data in some form has been implemented to very different extents, provided some data protection requirements are met. This leads to the final trend: the ever more articulated pressure on the European Union to decide how far it wants to reclaim its digital sovereignty, and what this would entail concretely. As legal systems may have to cope with the long-term consequences of Covid-19 all over the world it may be useful to take stock of these emerging trends before designing any grand scheme for post-Covid-19 society.
The book explores the impact of WTO law on domestic regulatory autonomy. It identifies and critically analyses the mechanisms working in WTO law that cause increasing interferences with domestic law and thus restrain the regulatory autonomy of the WTO members. The book proposes ways how WTO law be conceptualized to enhance the policy space of WTO members. Therefore, the book demonstrates the flexibilities in interpreting and applying WTO core principles and provisions and explores interpretive and institutional conceptions that could serve as a pathway of allocating greater policy leeway to WTO members.
The analyses presented address the disturbing observation that even though WTO law appreciates the regulatory leeway of WTO members in several provisions across agreements, the WTO judiciary´s case law, but also other governance mechanism active in the WTO appear to narrow down the WTO members´ regulatory autonomy and to considerably limit the space for domestic policy choices. Wide spread, even scholarly perception of the WTO, and most recently the Trump administration blame the WTO, in particular its dispute settlement branch, for being biased towards free trade and unduly restraining even legitimate domestic policies, and voiding the domestic policy space needed for addressing societal concerns and global problems. A closer look at the development of GATT/WTO law, however, reveals that, in GATT era, panels were aware of the effect their interpretations had on domestic policy space, and that some of the more recent WTO dispute settlement reports show attempts to expand WTO member´s leeway again. These observations are the starting point for an indepth analysis of the different mechanisms present in WTO law which impact on domestic regulation.
Working Group 2.1.: "Common European Principles of Administrative Law and Good Administration”
(2019)
Common European Principles of Administrative Law and “Good Administration” / EU Administrative Law and ‘Unionalisation’ of National Administrative Law / Functions of Administrative Law / European Administrative Law = EU Administrative Law? / ReNEUAL Working Group 2.1:
“Common European Principles of Administrative Law and Good Administration” / Specialties of EU Administrative Law
Why did Swissair fail?
(2003)
Why Did Swissair Fail?
(2003)
The Covid-19 pandemic affects societies worldwide, challenging not only health sectors but also public administration systems in general. Understanding why public administrations perform well in the current situation—and in times of crisis more generally—is theoretically of great importance; and identifying concrete factors driving successful administrative performance under today‘s extraordinary circumstances could still improve current crisis responses.
This article studies patterns of sound administrative performance with a focus on networks and knowledge management within and between crises. Subsequently, it draws on empirical evidence from two recent public administration surveys conducted in Germany in order to test derived hypotheses. The results of tests for group differences and regression analyses demonstrate that administrations that were structurally prepared, learned during preceding crises, and that displayed a high quality in their network cooperation with other administrations and with the civil society, on average, performed significantly better in the respective crises.
The market for voluntary carbon offsets, i.e. those outside the strictly regulated Kyoto framework for tradable carbon emission permits, is growing with a vengeance. With only six such organisations in the business in 2000, their number has virtually skyrocketed to more than 232 commercial as well as not-for-profit outfits today – the vast majority of which entered the trade only after 2005. This trend has not eluded the world of commercial aviation. By contrast, starting in the early millennium years, voluntary carbon-offsetting schemes were appeared to have become a serious concern for the top management of some of the world’s leading airlines. Carriers as diverse as Air Canada, British Airways, Ethiopian Airways, Qantas (incl. its subsidiaries QantasLink and Jetstar), Continental, Cathay Pacific, Japan Air Lines, Air France/KLM, the SAS Group, EasyJet and Virgin Blue, to name just a few, then began to actively encourage their passengers to pay for the ‘neutralising’ services of select carbon offset providers on top of the ticket price whenever they book a flight. Finally, also some large online travel agencies such as Expedia and Travelocity as well as leading car rental companies (AVIS) opted to invite their customers to purchase carbon offsets. However, as this chapter will demonstrate, both the economic efficiency and ecological effectives of voluntary carbon offsetting as a tool to address the challenge of climate change appear very limited.
Union Policies
(2016)
Unemployment in Germany
(1996)
Governments and energy operators are often confronted with local residents’ protest against the construction of new high-voltage overhead transmission lines, negative risk expectations, and a lack of public support. A frequently discussed strategy for dealing with these issues is to build underground cables instead of overhead lines. So far, however, there is not much empirical evidence of whether substituting overhead lines by underground cables actually reduces protest or affects public risk expectations and attitudes. This study contributes to filling this gap by comparing residents’ risk expectations, attitudes, and protest behavior observed at two grid expansion sites in Germany by means of a quasi-experiment. At the time when the data were collected, both grid expansion projects–an overhead line project in Lower Saxony and an underground cable project in Hesse–were at the same stage of the legally defined planning and approval procedure. After controlling for various potential confounders, we obtained results revealing that there are no differences in the risk expectations, attitudes, and protest behavior of residents interviewed at the two project sites, or only marginal ones. Hence, our findings do not support the assumption that building underground cables necessarily improves the situation with regard to risk expectations, attitudes, and protest behavior.
UK report
(2017)
UK report in XL Table ronde organised by Aix-en-provence Centre de recherches administratives on 3rd-4th November 2017 on Citizens-administration: 40 years of evolution (summary available here: https://europeancommonwealth.org/2017/11/21/account-citizens-administration-40-years-of-administrative-reforms-aix-en-provence/). Paper to be submitted in April 2018 – for publication in Annuaire européen d’administration publique.
Twinning peaks
(2012)
Reinventing Government and modernizing public administration is an important issue in public policy. There is a variety of reform strategies for achieving sustainable development and efficiency of public authorities, but until now, the proposed reforms have not been very successful. It is not surprising that meanwhile, trust in New Public Management partially vanished. Instead of having faith in the "economization" of public management, the question of values arises. In this book, the necessary change towards a Public Value Management (as a counter-movement in Europe against the merely economical way of modernizing public administration) is explained and reflected.
Die Modernisierung von Staat und Verwaltung bildet ein zentrales Thema in der Auseinandersetzung um die künftige Entwicklung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Europäischen Union. Trotz einer breiten Diskussion einschlägiger Modernisierungsstrategien vor allem zur Effizienzsteigerung der öffentlichen Verwaltungen sind die vorgeschlagenen Reformansätze bislang nicht sonderlich erfolgreich gewesen. Das Vertrauen vieler Bürger in ein Neues Verwaltungsmanagement schwindet mehr und mehr. Statt dessen stellen sich entschiedene Fragen nach den sozialen und Wertgrundlagen der Modernisierungsprozesse. Das Buch greift diese Fragen auf; es setzt sich mit dem notwendigen Wandel zu einem wertegebundenen öffentlichen Management als Gegenbewegung zur "Ökonomisierungsstrategie" der Staatsmodernisierung in Europa unter Abgrenzung zu den anglo-amerikanischen Staaten auseinander.
The number of public–private partnerships (PPP) is on the rise. The authors analyse empirical evidence (including outcomes from interviews and a survey of civil servants in Germany), about the importance of transaction costs and trust in PPP implementation and perfor-mance. The paper makes an important contribution to the literature by reflecting on trust relations in PPPs, as well as providing empirical evidence for higher transaction costs in PPPs, compared to entirely public sector provision.
The importance of frequent backups is uncontroversial. Their creation is simpler than ever today thanks to widespread availability of cheap cloud storage. Common backup solutions, however, tend to be either insecure, inflexible or inefficient in typical backup scenarios.
In this paper, we present triviback, a lightweight and almost trivial, yet powerful solution for outsourcing backups to untrusted cloud storage. Based on recent research results on secure data deduplication, triviback combines strong confidentiality, authenticity and availability guarantees with flexibility and efficiency in terms of low storage and communication costs: Triviback supports efficient preservation of many backup states with storage costs comparable to state-of-the-art version control systems-while supporting full storage reclamation on deletion of arbitrary backup states.
We discuss its security, publish an implementation and perform an extensive evaluation of storage and communication costs.
Transparency in France
(2017)
European Conference Public Administration (EGPA), Milan, 30th August-1st September, panel on Law and Administration (organised by D Drago, B Marseille and P Kovac). Paper from this presentation to be published with E Slautsky, ‘Freedom of Information in France’, in D Drago, B Marseille and P Kovac (eds), The Laws of Transparency in Action: A European Perspective (Palgrave) (ca. 17,000 words, submitted), a significantly longer version of this paper is available on ResearchGate and SSRN (ca. 22,000 words). The SSRN paper was included in the Top Ten List for “PSN: Public Administration (Institutions)” on 04.10.2017 and in the Top Ten List for “International Administrative Law eJournal” on 19.10.2017.
PURPOSE: The management of cross-border natural resources has been the focus of re-search in different disciplines. Nonetheless, beyond theoretical insights, empirical evidence of successful cross-border management or governance of natural resources is still limited, even in the European Union (EU), where a range of instruments are provided to foster cross-border cooperation between its Member States. This is where our paper departs, providing evidence from an example of cross-border cooperation between two Member States of the EU, Austria, and Slovenia, adding to the analytical framework to identify the drivers of successful cross-border cooperation.
METHODOLOGY: Drawing from the example of the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) Geopark Karawanken we evaluate the success factors and limits for transboundary cooperation encompassing different forms of cooperation. Furthermore, based on empirical evidence of workshops with local, regional, and national stakeholders, we investigate the potential of the EGTC organizational framework to provide for the successful cross-border management of water resources within the Geopark area.
The first volume of the new Transatlantic Public Policy Series comprises contributions by members of the Transatlantic Policy Consortium (TPC). Earlier versions of the papers published in this volume have been presented and discussed at the TPC Colloquium in Speyer, Germany, in June 2003 on the theme of Liberalization and Democratic Governance. They centre around subthemes which are critical on both sides of the Atlantic: the role of the state with social and economic actors, policy development and regulatory challenges to the state and the changing nature of democratic institutions and participation. Some contributions represent updated versions of papers originally prepared for the TPC Colloquium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania/USA, in September 2001 on public service ethics at both national and international levels. The earlier publication of these papers fell victim to the terrorist attacks of that time. The volume provides a unique insight into European and US-American public policy issues and thinking. Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker made a remarkable contribution on "The Old and New Europe: Alternatives for Future Transatlantic Relations?" Three professors based at the German University of Administrative Sciences contributed to this volume: Stefan Fisch ("The 1832 Mass Rally for Democracy in Germany and Europe in Hambach Castle"), Siegfried Magiera ("The Role of Parliaments in the Future Architecture of the European Union"), and Hans Herbert von Arnim ("Institutionalized Political Unaccountability and Political Corruption in Germany").
Dieses Buch analysiert die EU-Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik und vermittelt Verständnis für deren Interdependenzen mit nationalen Politiken und Forschungskulturen. Zentrale Fragestellungen sind die neue Rolle der EU in der Grundlagenforschung, die Europäisierung der Forschung verbunden mit erweiterten Kompetenzen der EU und die gewachsene Rolle der Rahmenprogramme.
Einsichten in diese Fragen können helfen, neue Fragestellungen, die aus der Kommunikation der EU Kommission zur Innovationsunion von 2010 erwachsen, einzuordnen und mit ihnen umzugehen. Hierzu gehört die vom Wissenschaftsrat vorgeschlagene Option einer Verbindung eines Europäischen Forschungsraums mit Offenheit für internationale Kooperationen und hoher nationaler Autonomie der Akteure oder die DFG-Initiative für vernetzte Forschung durch eine European Grant Union aufbauend auf EUROHORCS und der ESF.
While traditionally the provision of public services was monopolized by the gov-ernment, lately service delivery has been challenged, resulting in more coopera-tions between private enterprises and the public sector. We discuss theoretically and based on empirical evidence the role of trust in these arrangements and under which conditions information can help to overcome a “trust gap”, contributing to the success of these cooperation. Additionally, we develop and test an experimental design that allows us to show which factors influence the public opinion in favor of these service arrangements and public-private cooperations. Therewith our paper does not only contribute to the investigation of information and trust in PA, but provides some implication for policy makers and the public administration.
Universities in Germany and other countries have recently undergone comprehensive reforms: they are expected to contribute to social development through exchange with external actors. These exchanges are commonly termed “third mission”. In this context knowledge and technology transfer can prove to be particularly critical to academic freedom, because market logic and economically rational behaviour may lead to goals in conflict with the institutional logic of scientific communities.
The regulation of blockchain is not easy. Many lawyers are curious about the technology but do not understand it. Then the technology offers many advantages - but what are its dis-advantages? Which issues need to be regulated legally and which do not? Can the state even do that? Who is better suited for this? How must lawyers change their thinking and work to get a grip on such new technologies?
Das Buch verwendet Forschungsergebnisse aus dem Projekt IMPEL, das unter Leitung von Univ.-Prof. Dr. <i>Eberhard Bohne</i> am Forschungsinstitut zwischen 1997 und 2001 durchgeführt wurde. Gegenstand des umfangreichen Forschungsprojekts war die Umsetzung dreier europäischer Richtlinien: der Richtlinie zur Integrierten Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung (IVU-Richtlinie), der Richtlinie über die Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung (UVP-Richtlinie) sowie der Seveso-II - Richtlinie. Empirische Erhebungen wurden in acht EU-Mitgliedstaaten - Dänemark, Deutschland, Frankreich, Großbritannien, Italien, den Niederlanden, Schweden und Spanien - durchgeführt. Insgesamt 138 Interviews mit Experten von Behörden, Industrie und Nichtregierungsorganisationen wurden durch eine schriftliche Befragung von 178 Umweltbehörden ergänzt.
Das Projekt wurde von der Europäischen Kommission, dem deutschen Bundesumweltministerium, dem österreichischen Bundesministerium für Landwirtschaft, Forsten, Umwelt und Wassermanagement sowie der Environment Agency England and Wales gefördert.
Das vorliegende Buch gibt den Rechtsstand 2005/06 wieder. Die Sektionsreferentin Dr. <i>Sonja Bugdahn</i> hat die Kapitel zu Italien und Spanien mitverfasst, zu denen sie entscheidend beitragen konnte.
Die Studie hebt sich von anderen EU-Implementationsstudien durch eine Kombination rechtsvergleichender und sozialempirischer Analyse ab. Aufbauend auf einer detaillierten Beschreibung und Bewertung administrativer Rahmenbedingungen und nationaler Genehmigungssysteme werden allgemeine Schlussfolgerungen bezüglich einer Reform europäischer Politikgestaltung (European Governance) und Rechtsetzung gezogen.