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Institute
- Lehrstuhl für Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere Wirtschafts- und Verkehrspolitik (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Andreas Knorr) (181)
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- Lehrstuhl für Öffentliches Recht, insbesondere deutsches und europäisches Verwaltungsrecht (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Ulrich Stelkens) (55)
- Lehrstuhl für Politikwissenschaft (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Stephan Grohs) (51)
- Lehrstuhl für Öffentliches Recht, Staatslehre und Rechtsvergleichung (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Karl-Peter Sommermann) (48)
- Lehrstuhl für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsmanagement (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Michael Hölscher) (45)
- Seniorprofessur für Verwaltungswissenschaft, Politik und Recht im Bereich von Umwelt und Energie (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Eberhard Bohne) (27)
- Lehrstuhl für Sozialrecht und Verwaltungswissenschaft (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Constanze Janda) (13)
- Lehrstuhl für Verwaltungswissenschaft, Staatsrecht, Verwaltungsrecht und Europarecht (Univ.-Prof. Dr. Mario Martini) (12)
<b>Abstract</b>
Higher education and researach institutions are confronted with changing and sometimes contradictory claims from state, industry and society, today. They have to face growing volatility and an acceleration and internationalization of the konowledge process. This book undertakes to develop a sector specific theory of governance of the public research sector and applies it to the German research system. The book is the outcome of a large interdisciplinary project. It analyzes the reforms in the German research system from a integrated perspective of law, ecconomics and social sciences. The case of Germany is compared to reforms in other European countries such as Austria, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The study emphasizes an integrated approach considering the researchi function of universities as well as the non-university research sector. The focus is on the integration of external and internal governance. First, we pose the question how external competition and control mechanisms do influence internal governance of research institutions and universities and vice versa. Second, we discuss the consequences of these impacts on research.
The book addresses scholars in the field of science and technology studies and research policy as well as actors responsible for establishing and implementing research policies. Managers of research institutions will find insights and guidelines for the strategic positioning of their institutions in a rapidly changing environment. Researachers in the field of governance may profit from the approaches to governance which are applied to the German research system in comparison to other research systems.
Written for:
Practitioners and scholars in Higher Education Studies, Management of Higher Education, Researach and Innovation Management, Science and Technology Studies, Science and Technology Policy, Governance and Governance Theory, New Public Management.
Reinventing Government and modernizing public administration is an important issue in public policy. There is a variety of reform strategies for achieving sustainable development and efficiency of public authorities, but until now, the proposed reforms have not been very successful. It is not surprising that meanwhile, trust in New Public Management partially vanished. Instead of having faith in the "economization" of public management, the question of values arises. In this book, the necessary change towards a Public Value Management (as a counter-movement in Europe against the merely economical way of modernizing public administration) is explained and reflected.
Die Modernisierung von Staat und Verwaltung bildet ein zentrales Thema in der Auseinandersetzung um die künftige Entwicklung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Europäischen Union. Trotz einer breiten Diskussion einschlägiger Modernisierungsstrategien vor allem zur Effizienzsteigerung der öffentlichen Verwaltungen sind die vorgeschlagenen Reformansätze bislang nicht sonderlich erfolgreich gewesen. Das Vertrauen vieler Bürger in ein Neues Verwaltungsmanagement schwindet mehr und mehr. Statt dessen stellen sich entschiedene Fragen nach den sozialen und Wertgrundlagen der Modernisierungsprozesse. Das Buch greift diese Fragen auf; es setzt sich mit dem notwendigen Wandel zu einem wertegebundenen öffentlichen Management als Gegenbewegung zur "Ökonomisierungsstrategie" der Staatsmodernisierung in Europa unter Abgrenzung zu den anglo-amerikanischen Staaten auseinander.
Das Buch verwendet Forschungsergebnisse aus dem Projekt IMPEL, das unter Leitung von Univ.-Prof. Dr. <i>Eberhard Bohne</i> am Forschungsinstitut zwischen 1997 und 2001 durchgeführt wurde. Gegenstand des umfangreichen Forschungsprojekts war die Umsetzung dreier europäischer Richtlinien: der Richtlinie zur Integrierten Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung (IVU-Richtlinie), der Richtlinie über die Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung (UVP-Richtlinie) sowie der Seveso-II - Richtlinie. Empirische Erhebungen wurden in acht EU-Mitgliedstaaten - Dänemark, Deutschland, Frankreich, Großbritannien, Italien, den Niederlanden, Schweden und Spanien - durchgeführt. Insgesamt 138 Interviews mit Experten von Behörden, Industrie und Nichtregierungsorganisationen wurden durch eine schriftliche Befragung von 178 Umweltbehörden ergänzt.
Das Projekt wurde von der Europäischen Kommission, dem deutschen Bundesumweltministerium, dem österreichischen Bundesministerium für Landwirtschaft, Forsten, Umwelt und Wassermanagement sowie der Environment Agency England and Wales gefördert.
Das vorliegende Buch gibt den Rechtsstand 2005/06 wieder. Die Sektionsreferentin Dr. <i>Sonja Bugdahn</i> hat die Kapitel zu Italien und Spanien mitverfasst, zu denen sie entscheidend beitragen konnte.
Die Studie hebt sich von anderen EU-Implementationsstudien durch eine Kombination rechtsvergleichender und sozialempirischer Analyse ab. Aufbauend auf einer detaillierten Beschreibung und Bewertung administrativer Rahmenbedingungen und nationaler Genehmigungssysteme werden allgemeine Schlussfolgerungen bezüglich einer Reform europäischer Politikgestaltung (European Governance) und Rechtsetzung gezogen.
All contributions examine the extent to which spatial aspects constitute a condition for successful governance in federal systems. Spatial developments influenced by the world wide trend of globalisation have far-reaching consequences for economic and fiscal policies. Several subjects are identified as the dominating future challenges for federal systems with regard to regional economic development and growth. Interpreting the experiences of several countries, the papers presented are dealing with the regional perspective of spatial externalities and public goods, challenges and problems of agglomerations, the regional incidence of public budgets, the concept of competitive federalism as well as the politics of urban change and metropolitan government. The final discussion deals with challenges of demographic change for the political and institutional structure of federal systems as well as the future demand and supply side of decentral public infrastructure.
The first volume of the new Transatlantic Public Policy Series comprises contributions by members of the Transatlantic Policy Consortium (TPC). Earlier versions of the papers published in this volume have been presented and discussed at the TPC Colloquium in Speyer, Germany, in June 2003 on the theme of Liberalization and Democratic Governance. They centre around subthemes which are critical on both sides of the Atlantic: the role of the state with social and economic actors, policy development and regulatory challenges to the state and the changing nature of democratic institutions and participation. Some contributions represent updated versions of papers originally prepared for the TPC Colloquium in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania/USA, in September 2001 on public service ethics at both national and international levels. The earlier publication of these papers fell victim to the terrorist attacks of that time. The volume provides a unique insight into European and US-American public policy issues and thinking. Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker made a remarkable contribution on "The Old and New Europe: Alternatives for Future Transatlantic Relations?" Three professors based at the German University of Administrative Sciences contributed to this volume: Stefan Fisch ("The 1832 Mass Rally for Democracy in Germany and Europe in Hambach Castle"), Siegfried Magiera ("The Role of Parliaments in the Future Architecture of the European Union"), and Hans Herbert von Arnim ("Institutionalized Political Unaccountability and Political Corruption in Germany").
Fiscal equalisation refers to attempts within a federal or at least significantly decentralised system of government to reduce fiscal disparities among subnational jurisdictions by using monetary transfers, either explicitly defined as equalisation transfers or linked to other types of grants or spending programs. At first glance, there might be considerable differences between the European countries in terms of organizing and financing local governments. However, a number of problems being faced are remarkably similar: Revenues available to local government should match their responsibilities and tax resources should be sufficient to enable them to keep pace with changes in fiscal needs. Since it could be difficult to maintain a good balance between evolving responsibilities and own local revenues, any fiscal imbalance raises the case for financial transfers between different tiers of government. This book presents a collection of essays which mainly concentrate on different systems of fiscal equalization at the local level in Europe. Features of the equalization system as well as their recent reforms are discussed. Showing the influence of progressing European integration.
Die vorliegende interdisziplinäre Studie ist das Ergebnis einer Forschungskooperation zwischen dem Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa (ISCTE) in Lissabon, Portugal und dem Forschungsinstitut für öffentliche Verwaltung bei der Hochschule für Verwaltungswissenschaften Speyer.
Ausgangspunkt ist die Annahme, daß bei der Lösung der europäischen Beschäftigungsfrage der Rolle der nationalen wie europäischen Sozialpartner in der Schaffung eines Systems der Arbeitsbeziehungen und der Entwicklung des Sozialen Dialogs entscheidende Bedeutung zukommt.
Neben einer vergleichenden Bestandsaufnahme der nationalen kollektiven Arbeitsbeziehungen in den Mitgliedstaaten Portugal und Deutschland über intensive Länderstudien auf der einen Seite, ist auf der anderen Seite die Entwicklung der europäischen Ebene der Beziehungen von Arbeitgebern wie Arbeitnehmern sowie ihrer Verbände hin zu einer Europäisierung der Arbeitsbeziehungen analysiert worden.
Zusammengefaßt kommt die Untersuchung zu folgenden Ergebnissen:
Traditionen und Situation der einzelnen Mitgliedstaaten sind so verschieden, daß eine Lösung nur in der Schaffung Jahafter europäischer Arbeitsbeziehungen zu finden ist.
In der Entwicklung europäischer Arbeitsbeziehungen und der Intensivierung des Sozialen Dialogs wird nicht allein eine konsensuale Form der Problemlösungen über Verhandlungssysteme dokumentiert, sondern der prozeßhafte Charakter europäischer Arbeitsbeziehungen deutlich.
Auch wenn die Regionen in ihren unterschiedlichen nationalen Ausprägungen an Bedeutung gewinnen, so wird der europäischen Ebene immer mehr eine Rahmenfunktion zukommen.
Deutsche Ansätze eines "Bündnisses für Arbeit" unterscheiden sich vom portugiesischen Ständigen Rat für Sozialpolitische Vereinbarungen (CPCS, Conselho Permanente de Concertação Social) durch ihren informellen Charakter im Vergleich zur institutionalisierten gewachsenen Funktion des CPCS im tripartistischen Gefüge Portugals, in dem der Staat traditionell eine weitaus aktivere Funktion übernimmt als in Deutschland.
Auch wenn die Sozialpartner sich mittlerweile als ernstzunehmende Akteure auf der europäischen Ebene etabliert haben, ist ihr nationaler Einfluß basierend auf unterschiedlichen Traditionen und Strukturen immer noch sehr verschieden.
Eine Lösung der Beschäftigungsfrage ist nur auf europäischer Ebene möglich, wobei sich die EU der erwähnten strukturellen Unterschiede bewußt sein muß.
Kluwer Law International, London/The Hague/Boston 1997. 382 pp. US$ 143.00 GBP 90.00 ISBN 90-411-0685-5
Translated from the German
This work analyzes the options and powers which exist at Community level for taking action in the sphere of 'culture', which is defined as education, science and culture in its narrower sense, and covers the question of the EC´s cultural jurisdiction.
The definition of culture underlying this work has two functions: firstly, from the point of view of form, it narrows down the subject-matter under investigation and, secondly, it characterizes that subject-matter, substantively, as the area covered by those manifestations of life in society which cannot be measured by the yardstick of economic efficiency - a characterization which links together the three areas making up the field of culture: education, science and culture in the narrower sense.
Individual aspects of the EC´s cultural jurisdiction have previously been covered in varying degrees of detail in the literature, prompted by decisions of the Court of Justice or the adoption of legislation by the Community institutions. Particular attention has been paid to the question of the EC´s powers in the field of broadcasting. General investigations encompassing the various individual problems and the principles of the relationship between culture and EC law are always readily available and some lack the necessary depth because of their approach. This study attempts to fill the gap which has been found to exist in the literature on European Community law. This book is an English version ot the author´s doctoral thesis, which was awarded the Wolters Kluwer Award of 1993. In order to consider the changes brought about by the Maastricht Treaty, the author has added a section on the Treaty on European Union, which originally appeared in German as Die kulturelle Dimension im Vertrag über die Europäische Union in the magazine Europarecht (EuR 1995, 349-376).
CONTENTS:
Introduction. 1: The Cultural Dimension in the Treaty on European Union. A. Introduction. B. Survey of the Changes Brought About by the Treaty. C. The Objective of the Maintenance and Development of the acquis communautaire. D. Classification of the New Provisions within the Treaty Structure. E. Individual Aspects of the New Provisions. 2: Community Practice in the Cultural Sphere. A. The Field of Education. B. The Field of Science. C. The Cultural Sphere in the Narrower Sense. 3: Individual Aspects of Community Law in the Field of Culture. A. The Field of Education. B. The Field of Culture in the Narrower Sense. 4: Principles and Potential Development of Community Law in the Cultural Field. A. Community Competence in the Cultural Field. B. The Community Law Framework for National Cultural Policy. C. The Legal Significance of Individual Forms of Action in the Cultural Field. D. Possible Developments in Community Law in the Cultural Field. Bibliography.
Forces of globalisation and localisation are inducing national governments to shift many tasks upward to international organisations and similar organisations as well as downward to provincial and local governments. Mismatches between financing (revenue and expenditure capacities), policy and management competencies can give rise to accountability problems. Emerging “performance partnerships” between levels of government are a promising tool that could transform these agency relationships into contractual arrangements that reduce agency and co-ordination costs. The summary report as well as the case studies from different OECD Member countries identify different types of intergovernmental partnerships, analyse the weaknesses of their accountability management and point out solutions to strengthen accountability of intergovernmental partnerships.
As the executive director or the Research Institute for Public Administration at the German Post-Graduate School of Administrative Sciences and host of the workshop "Regionalization below State-level in Germany and the United States" I would like to thank the President of the National Academy for Public Administration, R. Scott Fosler, for the fine and intensive cooperation which was the precondition for the good atmosphere and the fruitful scientific exchange during the conference.
I also want to thank the Regional Planning Association Rhein-Neckar, INFOBEST Kehl/Strasbourg and the Badische Stahlwerke AG - as destinations and hosts of our excursions they contributed to very useful insights. I am furthermore obliged to the Investitions- and Strukturbank Rheinland-Pfalz GmbH on whose invitation we were able to make our American guests familiar with the Pfälzer whine and cooking as well as to Mr. and Mrs. Siedentopf whose amiable reception at Godramstein was another highlight of our social activities.
Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to Ann Mladinov and Natascha Füchtner. Their close trans-atlantic preparatory management, their organizational work and assistance to the participants guaranteed the smooth and successful proceeding of the conference.
The report outlines the basic issues, research questions, approach and methods of the project, the progress made thus far, and the steps to be taken next. Using the approaches and methods of political science and comparative policy research, it consists in a comparative analysis of the implementation and enforcement of national permitting and inspection systems for large industrial installations including Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), and Major Accident Prevention (MAP). The study is being conducted on a broad selection of EU member states (D, DK, E, F, I, NL, S, UK) using five languages, English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish in all the process of data collection and devising the research instruments.
In the context of growing policy debate on international trends toward environmental integration, such as the EU Directive on IPPC the main objective of the project is to explore and analyse the existence and extent of an integrated approach in the national environmental laws and administrations of member states, the different problems involved in its achievement and practical implementation and enforcement, the factors of various types that account for the similarities and variation identified in the countries included, and the degree of adaptation of the national systems necessary to meet the requirements of implementation of European legislation.
The report proceeds first by discussing the basic practical and theoretical issues involved in integrated pollution control and permitting. Then, after a comprehensive review of previous research and sources, some conceptual discussion and definitions are presented which, together with the research questions, form the basis of the proposed comparative analytical framework. These lead to the concrete empirical methods proposed in the fourth section. In the fifth section a comparative descriptive overview of the formal legal-administrative aspects of the countries in the study is presented. Finally a description of the steps taken so far and forthcoming steps is found in the last section. Country overviews based on preliminary interviews are attached as Annex I to this report. Annex II contains a list of institutions interviewed. Annex III presents the guidelines for the expert interviews to be conducted in the eight countries.
Der Forschungsbericht ist aus der mehrjährigen Kooperation des Council of State der Regierung Thailands und des Forschungsinstituts zu den Grundlagen einer rechtsstaatlichen Verwaltung entstanden. Er faßt die von der deutschen Seite erstellten Berichte zu der Implementation eines Verwaltungsverfahrensgesetzes und zu der Errichtung einer selbständigen Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit in Thailand zusammen. Diese Referate wurden auf den Dialogseminaren von 1996 und 1997 vorgetragen und diskutiert. Das auf dem deutschen Beispiel aufbauende Verwaltungsverfahrensgesetz ist im Frühjahr 1997 in Kraft getreten und bedarf einer konsequenten, aber auch realistischen Implementation in der täglichen Verwaltungspraxis der thailändischen Verwaltung. Mit einem Gesetzentwurf zu einer Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit, der seit dem Herbst 1997 dem Parlament vorliegt und damit zugleich eine Forderung der neuen Verfassung Thailands erfüllt, hat sich das Dialogseminar im August 1997 befaßt. Dieser Entwurf folgt kontinentaleuropäischen Rechtstraditionen und ist ein wichtiges Element der Rechtsstaatlichkeit, die auch durch unabhängige und spezialisierte Verwaltungsrichter gewährleistet werden soll.
Der Forschungsbericht enthält die englischsprachigen Übersetzungen des deutschen Verwaltungsverfahrensgesetzes und der Verwaltungsgerichtsordnung jeweils im Stand vom 1. Januar 1998.
This research report presents the results of an international mail survey on the implementation strategies of innovative and modernizing public organizations in Germany, Great Britain and the U.S. The aim of the survey was to discover country-specific differences in the implementation of administrative modernization in various areas of modernization.
The survey was undertaken in 1996 among former quality award participants of German, British and American national quality awards. The data collected include organizational level responses from 400 different well-performing public organizations. A first data analysis shows that British public organizations are the most managerialist ones, American public organizations take a medium position and German public organizations are behind in most modernization areas. For most modernization strategies, the Anglo-American hypothesis proved to be a valid assumption, which means that British and American implementation strategies are more similiar than German and American strategies of administrative modernization.
The study starts with an extensive discussion various theoretical and methodological issues in the context of comparative 'New Public Management'. The following chapter is devoted to empirical issues involved with the use of quality awards as a source of empirical data. In accordance with the structure of this study, a two-level comparative analysis, the study proceeds to analysize contextual macro-level variables before it jumps into the empirical subgroup analysis of the survey data on modernization strategies. Last, but not least, the study concludes with hypothesis testing and by producing some tentative qualitative and quantitative country-specific profiles of administrative modernization.
The research report is written in English. A modified German version of this research report will be published in early 1998 in the series 'die innovative Verwaltung' by Raabe-Verlag, Stuttgart et al.
he third biennial workshop in Comparative International Governmental Accounting Research was held in Speyer, Germany, on 1st and 2nd April 1996. It was, as the prior workshops in Bergen (1992) and Valencia (1994) devoted to presentations and indepth discussions of finalized, ongoing and planned research in governmental budgeting, accounting, financial reporting and auditing. Financial contributions of Arthur Anderson & Co, Stuttgart, BASF AG, Ludwigshafen/Rhein and SAP AG, Walldorf made the workshop possible.
Main objectives of the CIGAR workshops are
to provide a forum for discussions of new, innovative, unfinished research;
to interest young researchers in the field;
to provide incentives and opportunities for international collaborative research and thus
contribute to the theoretical foundations of international governmental accounting.</li>
The focus this time clearly was on contextual analysis of governmental accounting systems with the exception of the papers of James L.Chan (its subject is budgeting), Ulrich Cordes (its subject is a content analysis and comparison of national accounting and governmental accounting) and at least partly the one of Norvald Monsen (it emphasizes the historical perspective).
Assessing the generalizable results, the workshop reached a consensus that we needed a better balance in future between quantitative and qualitative research, but that more descriptive studies and more data were needed before statistical studies would be possible; analyses of pronouncements of standard-setting bodies, especially international ones, seemed important; and significant work was needed on the processes of innovation, within-country standard-setting (even when there was no overt standard-setter), transition (in the emerging democracies and developing countries) and reform-implementation.
I myself and I am sure, all the delegates, acknowledge the willingness of the presenters to provide papers although this was not a requirement. The discussions were extremely interesting and beneficial and I would like to thank all workshop participants for their contributions. Thanks are also due to the staff of the Postgraduate School of Administrative Sciences Speyer and the Research Institute for Public Administration, in particular to Siegrid Piork and Christine Ahlgrimm, for their assistance in planning and organizing the workshop and in preparing this volume.
Here, it will be argued that administrative modernization in the sense of the NPM is a global process but local in implementation. This amounts to the hypothesis that administrative modernization is 'culture and institution bound'. Tue institutional contingency approach taken in this study reflects the need to examine the nature of the multiple environmental conditions that structure how public organizations implement 'administrative modernization '. An environmental contingency model of administrative modernization strategies allows to reason on the NPM from "outside to inside" (Koiman and van Vliet, 1993:59) and to link two rather isolated concepts to each other: the governance concept with an interactive perspective on governing and the NPM concept with an orientation on the internal functioning of public organzations.
Law Reform and Law Drafting
(1993)
The papers collected in this volume were submitted in a dialogue seminar which took place in Bangkok form the 17th to the 21st of August 1992. The seminar was organized by the Office of the Juridical Council of Thailand and the Post-Graduate School of Administrative Sciences in Speyer, under the direction of Professor Dr. Dr. h.c. Heinricht Siedentopf.
The study is focused on accounting and financial reporting of central and - where applicalbe - of state or provincial government. More or less as a by-product, some information has been gathered on budgeting procedures, on auditing practises, and on management accounting. Accounting and financial reporting of local authorities had to be excluded - mainly for the reason of limited financial resources to conduct this investigation.
The use of social science knowledge in the policy of administrative reforms results in a remarkably reflexive connection between science and practice. In the case of the Federal Republic of Germany, too, which is being dealt with here, the state administrations have become significant promoters of the policy of science. Within the scope of social sciences not only the administrative science, but also diciplines such as the political science increasingly serve as an advisory science for public agencies. In this way part of the problems of science and practice is reflected in the use of social science knowledge in the policy fo administrative reforms.